Further clinical areas have developed out of the three subdisciplines obstetrics, general gynecology and gynecological endocrinology. These include oncology of the genital organs and breast cancer (operative and conservative), prenatal diagnostics and perinatal medicine, urogynecology and laparoscopic gynecological surgery for benign disease and oncology, reproductive medicine with overlap in the areas neonatology and pediatrics, human genetics, pathology and experimental and clinical pharmacology.
The goal of teaching in the specialty area gynecology and obstetrics is not only to convey "special knowledge" of the organs but to highlight the importance of the discipline as the main interface for health and scientific questioning.